L is for LED

automatic captions, checked for structure and key terms; corrections welcome

[00:00:02.700] I got a right to sing the blues. I got a right to
[00:00:08.160] moan inside. I got a right to sit and cry
[00:00:13.420] down around the river.
[00:00:17.540] I love boxes.
[00:00:19.280] Whoa, what's that music?
[00:00:21.160] Oh, that's just Billie.
[00:00:22.900] Oh no, she sounds pretty sad.
[00:00:25.680] Yeah, don't go nuts. Billie's just got the blues again.
[00:00:29.040] [unclear reply]
[00:01:05.380] Hey, Billie, why are you so blue?
[00:01:08.520] I suppose that's just the way I am.
[00:01:11.140] So you've always been blue?
[00:01:13.680] Yeah, well, she's made with gallium nitride.
[00:01:18.780] Gallium what?
[00:01:20.240] Wait, what are you talking about?
[00:01:22.400] Well, Adabot, inside every LED is a small crystal.
[00:01:27.040] Really?
[00:01:34.080] When you connect the short leg of an LED to ground
[00:01:37.240] and the longer leg to positive voltage, voila!
[00:01:41.040] The crystal glows and the LED lights up.
[00:01:46.100] Very cool.
[00:01:47.680] So, electricity flowing through an LED's crystal creates light.
[00:01:53.160] But why are LEDs certain colors in the first place?
[00:01:57.100] The type of crystal used in an LED determines that LED's color.
[00:02:02.740] Oh, interesting.
[00:02:06.380] A red LED like me uses a type of crystal made of gallium arsenide.
[00:02:11.300] That's two elements, gallium and arsenic mixed together.
[00:02:14.740] I use an aluminum gallium crystal to get so green.
[00:02:21.800] And indium gallium nitride is what makes me so blue.
[00:02:27.060] oh so different crystals make different colored light
[00:02:31.360] but I've also seen LEDs
[00:02:34.660] that change color how do they do that well we usually call those color
[00:02:40.080] changing LEDs RGB LEDs hey I've got an RGB LED
[00:02:46.060] right here
[00:02:46.700] oh good let's take a closer look to see how they work
[00:02:50.660] we call them RGB because
[00:02:54.360] Because inside every one of them are three different types of crystals.
[00:02:57.540] One that makes red light, one that makes green light, and one that makes blue.
[00:03:04.020] I get it. RGB. Red, green, and blue.
[00:03:08.480] Exactly! And by mixing red, green, and blue, we can make pretty much any color we want.
[00:03:15.820] Like, say, purple.
[00:03:20.100] Or orange.
[00:03:24.420] Or even white.
[00:03:30.260] Wow. Thanks, guys.
[00:03:32.400] LEDs make a lot more sense now.
[00:03:34.700] You're very welcome, Adabot.
[00:03:36.700] LEDs are in so many electronic devices,
[00:03:39.580] screens, billboards,
[00:03:41.740] even light bulbs.
[00:03:43.780] Yeah. It's really important to understand how they work.
[00:03:48.180] Agreed.
[00:03:49.300] You know, Billie,
[00:03:50.460] you may be blue,
[00:03:51.820] but you light up my life.
[00:03:54.360] Awwww